Install Ubuntu in UEFI mode with debootstrap
在 UEFI 模式下使用 LiveCD 安裝 Ubuntu，安裝完成後卻總是卡在 grub。
錯誤畫面：
於是決定改採用全手動安裝的方式。
Installation
Boot your PC/server from Ubuntu live CD
Boot your PC/server from Ubuntu live CD, configure network to connect to Internet.
Prepare the partition
Create partitions on the system disk, the first one is for EFI system; the other is for system.
sudo parted /dev/sda
(parted) mklabel gpt
(parted) mkpart ESP fat32 1MiB 128MiB
(parted) mkpart primary xfs 128MiB 100%
(parted) set 1 boot on
(parted) quit
sudo partprobe /dev/sda
sudo mkfs.vfat -F 32 /dev/sda1
sudo mkfs.xfs -f /dev/sda2
Mount root file system:
sudo mount /dev/sda2 /mnt
Install Ubuntu core with debootstrap
First, you need to install debootstrap:
sudo apt install debootstrap
Then, you can install ubuntu to the /mnt with debootstrap command:
sudo debootstrap --arch amd64 xenial /mnt http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu
Copy the apt repository configuration to new file system:
sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /mnt/etc/apt/sources.list
Mount other file system
sudo mkdir -p /mnt/boot/efi
sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/boot/efi
sudo mount --bind /dev /mnt/dev
sudo mount -t devpts /dev/pts /mnt/dev/pts
sudo mount -t proc proc /mnt/proc
sudo mount -t sysfs sysfs /mnt/sys
sudo mount -t tmpfs tmpfs /mnt/tmp
Then, chroot to /mnt:
sudo chroot /mnt /bin/bash
export HOME=/root
Install Linux kernel, grub and other packages
apt update
apt install linux-image-generic linux-headers-generic grub-efi
Configure grub
grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id=ubuntu --recheck --debug
update-grub
The reboot system.